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The K to 12 plan of the Department of Education in the Philippines contains several elements so in its evaluation, each element must be addressed:

(1) Kindergarten: There is ample evidence supporting early childhood learning so this is a good part of the proposed plan. For this to be successful, adequate support both from national and local levels of government is necessary. The way it has been implemented so far leaves a lot to be desired. Kindergarted should be afforded well trained teachers as well as adequate facilities. The answer here is "yes".

(2) Mother Tongue Instruction in the first two grades: The instruction of the mother tongue is helpful as it allows the young pupils to become more comfortable in their second new home, the school. The use of the mother tongue as medium of instruction, like any factor in the learning process, depends on its efficiency. The efficiency, on the other hand, depends on the competence of the teachers. The most effective medium of instruction is the medium a teacher feels most comfortable teaching the subject. This is from the perspective of the instructor. On the other hand, the learner must be comfortable with the medium that is employed as well. The best scenario, of course, is when the two match. With these in mind, it may be suggested that a "one size fits all" approach is not advisable but a "case to case" basis must be employed. So, the answer here is "maybe".

(3) A spiral curriculum to teach math and the sciences: A spiral curriculum looks at the disciplines of math and sciences in an integrated fashion. This works well especially in the early years, where a cursory treatment of these subjects is made and the basic fundamentals are covered. However, in later stages, a spiral curriculum does not agree well with the fact that each discipline has a vertical structure of concepts and skills. In later stages, a spiral curriculum will be more demanding of the teachers, as each teacher now needs to have considerable competence and mastery in multiple branches of math and sciences. The answer here is "yes" in elementary, but "no" in high school.

(4) No formal subject of science in the first two grades: Science can be introduced to children at an early age. Children are naturally inquisitive at their age. Science education in the early years also do not require expensive laboratories or equipment so early education in science is very affordable. To throw away this opportunity is a big loss. The answer here is "no"

(5) Two years will be added to the end of high school. The problems the Philippine education are currently facing involve high dropout rates and poor performance in standardized tests. The educational system in its current 10-year program is failing. And it is failing at the early grades: dropout rates are already high by the end of elementary schooling and the standardized tests are given to grade IV and 2nd year high school students. Clearly, the problems lie in th early part of the Philippines basic education. Two years added at the end do not address these problems. The problems come from high pupil:teacher ratios in classrooms, multiple shifts in schools, lack of materials, and poor salaries of teachers. Diokno noted that to arrest the deteriorating Philippine education system, the budget of DepEd must be doubled. This estimate is reasonable as most of DepEd's budget involves salaries, and to decrease the pupil:teacher ratio from 70:1 down to 35:1, for example, involves doubling the teachers. The additional two years in the current K to 12 plan will require a minimum of 20% increase in the DepEd's operating budget. It therefore becomes a question of priorities. Without addressing the current problems and creating new demand for resources will only make matters worse. So the answer here is "no".

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