The knowledge gap synonym for the term "information deficit" is "knowledge disparity."
The term "relevant knowledge" means that one would know related information about a topic that is being discussed. That information will also be related to what is being spoken about.
Surplus.
The synonym is the term from French : rendezvous.
trade deficit
If you are interested in scientific term for the application of knowledge of cooking and gastronomy, it is called molecular gastronomy. There are many websites that have more information such as Wikipedia.
Variety.
miserliness
An informal synonym for the term optimal is the word ace. Ideal is also a good synonym, as well as matchless. There are a lot of other synonyms that can be found in a thesaurus or online.
Attention Deficit means that one has trouble focusing on tasks. In other words, they cannot pay attention. This is the primary symptom of Attention Deficit Disorder.
adjudicator, bench, court, judge, jurist, justice
There is no precise synonym for cyborg, however, the term android has a similar meaning.
Trade deficit