He said "By the gods Nobdy I will eat your penis"
Odysseus called himself Outis (=Nobody). Odysseus told the Cyclops his name was "Nobody" so the Cyclops would later exclaim, "Nobody has blinded me."
That is hyperbole.
Initially, Odysseus is cunning in being able to trick the Cyclops into believing his name was "Nobody" because the Cyclops would then be prevented from calling for help continually saying "Nobody is here!" However, Odysseus demonstrates excessive pride in having tricked the Cyclops and foolishly reveals that he is not "Nobody" but in fact the great "Odysseus." Enraged, the Cyclops calls upon his father Poseidon to punish Odysseus, and thus Odysseus's long journey home.
The type of figurative language in the sentence would need to be provided for an analysis to be made.
I believe the type of figurative language in which an inanimate object is given human characteristics is anthropomorphism.
probably a hyperbole
There are many different brands of figurative language worksheets. The most popular brand would probably be Scholastic. I would suggest buying the Scholastic brand of worksheets.
Odysseus believes that not being able to see would hurt the cyclops the worst. He does not want to kill the cyclops because then nobody would be able to roll away the huge stone blocking the cave entrance. He decides that they must blind the monster.
The other cyclops likely interpret Polyphemus as saying that nobody has managed to deceive or outsmart him so far. They would not realize that he is actually referring to somebody named "Nobody" as being responsible for hurting him.
To not talk literally in a sentence. example of a literal sentence: go away. <--to change that to a figurative sentence you would say: go take a hike you wouldn't want the person to actually go into the mountains and explore would you?
simile
Figurative expressions are things like metaphors and similes. The expression "as lonely as a cloud" would be a simile while "my crying soul" would be a metaphor. (waylink-english)