The Latin root of the word "watch" is "vigilare," which means "to be awake, keep watch, or be vigilant." This root is derived from the Latin word "vigil," meaning "awake" or "watchful." The word "watch" has evolved over time to refer to both the act of staying awake to guard or observe, as well as the timepiece used for measuring time.
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The word watch isn't of Latin origin. It comes from Anglo-Saxon which got it from Germanic.
The Latin word for "to watch" would be "spectare." The root, however, would probably be "spec--."
Latin Servare, meaning 'to watch, keep safe'. Add the prefix 'ob-' for 'over' and you have the basis for the English 'observe'