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It's a verb that means "is". For example "Kuruma wa aka desu" means "The car is red.", or literally translated "Car red is."
'Desu' does not really have a tangible meaning that could be readily translated into English. It is, instead, what is referred to in linguistics as a "copula," and in this case, functions as a polite copula. A copula connects a subject and a predicate.

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