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Two key stages in the communication process are:
- listening, and
- understanding
"Communicating" can include a display of emotions, speaking, gesturing, using symbols or signs, sign-language, making a noise or noises, and even facial expressions or the "energy" put out.
I can "communicate" the message "I am sad" by things like:
- crying or sobbing
- speaking the words, "I am sad."
- standard sign language for the emotion "sad"
- using my hands / fingers to indicate tears coming down my face
- drawing a picture of a sad face
- making crying or sobbing sounds
- pouting, frowning, crying, hanging my head low
- "acting" sad or down
However, I can do all 8 of those examples, but still not "communicate" unless someone is listening or "hears' what I'm saying. "Hearing" in this sense can include noticing, seeing, listening to my words, paying attention to my body language, etc.
If no one is present or no one "listens", I can do all 8 activities but never "communicate" at all.
As well, if a barrier or obstacle exists, a person can try to "listen" but still not receive my communication. For example, a deaf person can't hear me crying; a blind person can't see my tears or my drawing; an uninterested person either hasn't paid attention or is indifferent, etc. In each, communication does not occur.
Which brings us to the 2nd key stage, understanding. Without understanding, communication is one-sided. A person can write a letter inviting me to a wonderful event, but if they write in a language I cannot read or I cannot decipher the message, I'll probably miss the event. If I call you but my phone is broken so all you hear are garbled words, you can try to hear (listen) as hard as you can but communication fails. If you misinterpret my words, my facial expressions, my gestures, then we still don't communicate. So understanding must follow "listening" (in all its forms) for communication to succeed.
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