There is a small explosive that inflates the airbag. It is not gun powder but its a good way to think of it.
The computer has sensors to decide if the impact warrants deploying air bags, if so an electrical current triggers the gas generator that inflates the bag.
Sodium azide is used in air bags as a propellant to rapidly inflate the air bag in the event of a collision. When the azide is ignited, it decomposes to form nitrogen gas, which inflates the air bag quickly and effectively to protect occupants in the vehicle.
Initially, air bags contain sodium azide (NaN3), which is ignited to produce nitrogen gas and sodium. The nitrogen gas is what inflates the air bag. Another reaction occurs, including sodium and potassium nitrate which produce more nitrogen gas, potassium oxide and sodium oxide. Potassium oxide and sodium oxide are quite harmful, so they are then neutralized with silicon dioxide to produce silica glass (K4SiO4 and Na4SiO4).
gasses are compressible
a small electric impact sensor located low on the front end of the car//////wich in turn triggers an explosive gas that inflates the bag
An impact detector sends an electric signal to an igniter which causes sodium azide (NaN3) to generate nitrogen gas. The air bag is filled by the nitrogen gas.
Callod sodium acid ( NaN3 )
It all has to do with the gas law PV=nRT. When the Temperature "T" increases, the volume of the gas increases which inflates the balloon. It rises because this now warm gas rises through the cooler surrounding air. Warm air rises, cool air sinks
Air bags are designed to keep your head, neck, and chest from slamming into the dash, steering wheel or windshield in a front-end crash. They are not designed to inflate in rear-end or rollover crashes or in most side crashes, unless equipped with side airbags. Generally, air bags are designed to deploy in crashes that are equivalent to a vehicle crashing into a solid wall at 8-14 mph. Air bags most often deploy when a vehicle collides with another vehicle or with a solid object like a tree. Air bags inflate when a sensor detects a front-end crash. The sensor sends an electric signal to start a chemical reaction that inflates the air bag with harmless nitrogen gas. All this happens faster than the blink of an eye. Air bags have vents, so they deflate immediately after cushioning you. They cannot smother you and they don't restrict your movement. The "smoke" you may have seen in a vehicle after an air bag demonstration is the nontoxic starch or talc that is used to lubricate the air bag. All air bags are not the same. Air bags differ in design and performance. There are differences in the crash speeds that trigger air bag deployment, the speed and force of deployment, the size and shape of air bags, and the manner in which they unfold and inflate. That is why you should contact your vehicle manufacturer if you want specific information about the air bags in your particular car.
Sodium azide in airbags reacts with potassium nitrate to produce nitrogen gas, which inflates the airbag rapidly upon impact. The reaction is highly exothermic, releasing a large amount of gas quickly to create a cushioning effect for passengers in a vehicle collision.
Helium is most often used to inflate balloons. Any compressed air would work, though, so Oxygen could be used, I suppose.
Nitrogen gas