NO! Do not hook it up this way!
Two batteries in series will equal 24 volts and 17 amps
Voltage in series add and current stays the same
Series circuit: Etotal = E1 + E2 Itotal = I1 = I2
Two batteries in parallel will equal 12 volts and 34 amps
Voltage in parallel stays the same and current adds
Parallel circuit: Etotal = E1 = E2 Itotal = I1 + I2
To get the 24 volts and 34 amps you would need a combination of the two:
Two batteries in series that are parallel with two more batteries that are in series with each other
By putting 24 volts in parallel with a 12 volt battery you would have a difference of potential of 12 volts. Same as connecting a wire from the positive to the negative terminal (12 volts difference), you would see sparks and maybe an explosion.