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In short, Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Now, to explain. In a laser, there is something called a MEDIUM. This is where the photons are made. In all substances, there are atoms. In the atoms, there are electrons. The electrons are on orbits around the nucleus of an atom. There are more than one orbiting each atom. The electrons are EXCITED by getting hit by photons. The electrons absorb the energy from the photons they are hit by. To be on a certain orbit, the electron needs to have a certain amount of energy. When an electron is hit by a photon, it GAINS ENERGY so is jumps up to another orbit, because it has too much energy to stay on it's normal orbit. The electrons, though, ALWAYS have to go back to their original orbit (a law of physics) and in doing so, it needs to release energy in the form of a photon. Mirrors focus the light and it then comes out of the gun. There are more factors, but they are complicated and I cannot explain them for now. The main thing is the Excitation of the electrons then the release of the photons.

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