millions and more
I am not to sure about Static Ram but in CMOS RAM, 1GB of RAM would contain about 137438953472 transistors because 1 bit of CMOS RAM contains 16 Transistors, 8 bits in a byte and 1073741824 bytes in a gigabyte. I am 100% sure about this and these are just estimations. Static RAM uses about 6 times as many transistors as dynamic RAM for the same amount of storage. Dynamic RAM uses 1 or 2 transistors per bit in typical implementations. Add to this transistors for address decode, bus interface, etc.
in DRAM there will be slightly more than 8 billion transistors (one per bit, plus address decode and support circuits)in SRAM there will be slightly more than 48 billion transistors (six per bit, plus address decode and support circuits)
A fridge may or may not have a few transistors in it, these are electrical components that would probably be part of the control circuitry. Transistors used to be very common components of most electrical appliances. The cooling process of the fridge has nothing to do with transistors and is handled by a compressor and a heat exchange pump
If the integrated circuit in some kind of device has 5,000 transistors on it, then before integrated circuits were available, the same function might have been performed by 100 individual transistors. And before transistors were available, the same function might have been performed by 30 vacuum tubes, a fan and air system to keep them cool, and a large power system to operate the tubes and the cooler.
cooling
In the NAND gate, the transistors play the role of the switches. The emitter and the collector voltages vary in the opposite phase.
they are reliable and have high pulse ratings.
Integrated circuits (in many microprocessor integrated circuits) containing many billions of transistors each.
758 Million transistors.
The use of substrate in Field Effect Transistors is for it to serve as insulating material between the gate and the source.
ICs have been built with as few as two to as many as hundreds of billions of transistors. I believe the first germanium prototype IC built by Kilby may have had only one transistor (it was an integrated circuit not for having many transistors, but because it integrated both resistors and transistors into a single germanium crystal).
millions and more
About 5000.
normally 2300
4billion
The transistor. It has 3 connections on it, an in, an out, and a gate. If no electrical charge is present at the gate, it conducts electricity from the in to the out. It a charge is applied to the gate, electricity cannot flow. Single transistors are extremely small, made of 3 layers of silicon. Most are nearly, if not completely, microscopic.