That'd be a relay.
The door entry system consists of an intercom (with or without a camera) - a switch and an electromagnet. The electromagnet holds the door closed so long as current is flowing. When someone requests access (usually by use of a call button) they speak to the person inside the building via the intercom. When the person inside is happy to let the person in, they press a switch which disrupts the current to the electromagnet. This releases the door so the visitor can walk through. Doors usually have a powerful spring to close the door behind you when you walk through.
Contactors have movable contacts in them which are operated by the action of the solenoid that they are attached too. This solenoid is basically an electromagnet with a spring that resets the contacts to the open position when current is removed from the solenoid's coil/windings. When an electrical current is fed through the coil of the solenoid it creates a magnetic field; the force of the field is stronger than the opposing force of the restting spring thus the moving part of the solenoid which has the contacts attached to it, moves down completing the electrical circuit. Contactors are usually used in cases where the voltages and currents levels to be used are way beyond the capacity of a normal switch. A common example would be as a direct on line starter for a large electrical motor, which usually have large starting current of up to 5-8 times the run current of the motor. It is also important to note that voltage used to energize the contactors coil can be much smaller than the actual voltage be conveyed by the contacts which feed the electrical load.
It is a type of switch or relay where there is just one set of contacts. The contacts can be open or closed. There are two terminals. A standard light switch like you would find in your home is a good example of a switch with a SPST contact.
Push-To-Make switch is a switch in which pressure is applied to the switch for it to let the electricl current flow through.
A switch
When the switch of an electromagnet is closed, it completes the circuit and allows current to flow through the coil, creating a magnetic field. This magnetic field attracts the contacts, causing them to come together and close the circuit, which allows a continuous flow of current.
When an electromagnet is turned on, it generates a magnetic field that attracts the metal reed in the reed switch, causing the switch contacts to close. When the electromagnet is turned off, the magnetic field disappears and the contacts open again. This allows the reed switch to act as a sensor or control device in various applications.
The switch in the electromagnet crane controls the flow of electric current to the electromagnet. It allows the operator to turn the magnet on and off, enabling them to pick up and release loads.
That is the job done by a switch. When the switch is 'on' the two contacts in the switch are touching, which allows current to flow. When the switch is 'off' the contacts are not touching and no current can flow. In small switches the power to alter the contacts comes from the user's finger. A switch never absorbs power, because there is always either no current passing through it, or no voltage across it. That makes electronic switches very useful in circuits.
When the switch is closed, an electric current flows through the iron rod, creating a magnetic field around it. This magnetic field magnetizes the iron rod, turning it into an electromagnet. When the switch is opened, the current stops flowing, and the rod loses its magnetism.
If the direction of the current in an electromagnet is reversed, the direction of the magnetic field surrounding the electromagnet will also reverse. This change in direction will affect the polarity of the electromagnet, causing its north and south poles to switch.
Open the circuit with a switch or contacts.
An electromagnet is switched on by passing an electric current through its coil, which generates a magnetic field. To switch it off, the current is simply disconnected, causing the magnetic field to collapse. This on/off switching allows for control of the magnetic force produced by the electromagnet.
A doorbell containing an electromagnet is called a "make and break" circuit because the circuit is completed ("made") when the switch is pressed, allowing current to flow through the electromagnet and create a magnetic field that attracts the doorbell mechanism. When the switch is released, the circuit is broken, stopping the flow of current and releasing the doorbell mechanism.
The door entry system consists of an intercom (with or without a camera) - a switch and an electromagnet. The electromagnet holds the door closed so long as current is flowing. When someone requests access (usually by use of a call button) they speak to the person inside the building via the intercom. When the person inside is happy to let the person in, they press a switch which disrupts the current to the electromagnet. This releases the door so the visitor can walk through. Doors usually have a powerful spring to close the door behind you when you walk through.
When the electric current is reversed on an electromagnet, the direction of the magnetic field is also reversed. This means that the north and south poles of the electromagnet switch places. This change in polarity can have various effects depending on the application, such as reversing the direction of motion in a motor or changing the direction of attraction or repulsion in a magnetic system.
A rotary switch.