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In electricity supply systems, a 'power transformer' is a category of step-up or step-down transformer used in the high-voltage transmission and primary distribution systems. Step-down Transformers used in the secondary distribution system are called 'distribution transformers'.

A power transformer is designed to handle large amounts of power (as the name implies) and usually converts voltages; they are used in power supplies and in electrical supply.

Transformers have three main functions in electronics; impedance conversion, voltage conversion and isolation. Because of these three applications, there are specialist types of transformers. For example, signal transformers are designed to match impedances - for example, between a record cartridge and an amplifier.

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