what is the anologous pair in force current anology
A Darlington pair is two transistors connected together to give a very high current gain.
transistor current is dependent on a factor known as Beta of the transistor. a darlington pair has a large Beta(10,000) , a small signal transistor such as the 2n3904 has a small beta of around 100. the beta of a transistor determines the amount of current that flows from collector to emitter ( bipolar transistors) for each amount of current that flows into the base you get a hundred fold increase between collector and emitter (2n3904), so you insert 1 ma (milliamp) into the base, you get 100 ma out the emitter. there is a doped region in the middle of the transistor that expands when current is applied to the base, this expansion allows more current to flow from collector to emitter (npn). there are many types of transistors but they all employ basically the same function. The mathematics involved is a bit more complicated but I speaking in general terms here to avoid getting someone lost.
Dunno. "Quad" usually refers to the shielding (such as TV antenna coaxial cable), "CAT" usually refers to four-pair twisted pair. "CATn" (CAT3~CAT6) is four-pair, twisted-pair, unshielded cabling most commonly used in Ethernet computer network cabling. Refine the question, we can help out.
4-20ma is a type of signal transmission.A process value, such as pressure, RPM, or whatever, is converted into a current in the range of 4ma to 20ma and sent out on a twisted pair cable.The receiver passes the current through a resistor, converting it back to voltage, and processes it accordingly. If that resistor were 250 ohms, the voltage would be 1-5v.An offset of 4ma is used so that the receiver can detect an open connection.The ground or power reference is usually maintained at the transmitter, but sometimes it is at the receiver.A twisted pair cable is used so that the effect of common mode noise is minimized.The receiver is usually an opamp so that the effect of common mode voltage is minimized.
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Reproach : praise completes the analogy.
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The input force or the effort on a pair of scissors would be the force applied by your hands on the handles. The output force or load would be the blades of the pair of scissors.
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