The process is called grounding. Many devices need to be grounded, hence the U shaped pin on a devices that make contact with the ground in normal house wiring.
A grounding conductor is a means for providing safety for users of electrical devices that may have experienced an internal failure that causes an electrical short to metallic surfaces. In theory, such a short to a GROUNDED surface would quickly result in overcurrent or ground-fault interruption of the circuit, resulting in an dead but safe circuit. NEVER "reset" a GFCI while holding the attached device or without discovering what caused it to trip. Were it not for a grounding conductor, the user could become the "grounding conductor" by accident, causing electrocution. Grounding conductors maybe bare (copper) wires or have green insulation, or green with a yellow stripe (also used for bonding) or other green markings (green screws, green clips, green wire nuts, etc). Grounded appliance plugs were not required in the NEC until the 1960s.
First understand that every electrical conductor (wire) with current flow through it will produce an invisible magnetic field around it. This field is directly proportional to the magnitude of current flowing. Second (and inversely) realize that any conductor moving through a magnetic field will produce a voltage, And if provided with a complete circuit (a path to flow in) will result in current flow in that conductor. The movement can be from the conductor moving, or from the magnetic field moving, as long as there is 'relative motion' between the conductor and the magnetic field. In short, a conductor with current flow produces a magnetic field , a conductor and a magnetic field with relative motion between them produces current flow. (This is also the basis for how a motor works) AC means 'Alternating Current'! The current flow moves in one direction along a conductor, then reverses to zero and to equal magnitude in the opposite direction. Each time this current changes direction it produces a magnetic field, as it returns to zero the field collapses. As the current builds in the opposite direction the magnetic field builds again. In an AC transformer circuit, two conductors are placed in close proximity to each other and an alternating current is applied to the first conductor. This alternating current causes a magnetic field to build around the conductor, then collapse, build again in the opposite polarity and so on. This expanding and collapsing magnetic field creates relative motion between the field and the second conductor which then produces current flow of its own. This is called "transformer Action". In steady state DC circuits, the magnetic field is constant and there is normally no relative motion, therefore no "transformer action". There is however still a relative motion created when the circuit is first energized, and when it is de-energized. This collapsing field is how the ignition coil in your car works. In the simplest form, contacts (points) were opened by a cam, the open contacts de-energized the first conductor (the 12VDC primary). The resulting collapsing field cut across the secondary conductors. Because these conductors were wound into many turns or "coils" it actually multiplies the effect producing a high voltage in the secondary (connected to the ignition wires). This produced a voltage and current strong enough to jump across the gap of a spark plug. And, Yes Virginia, there is such a thing as a DC transformer.
The metal frame of the toaster is connected to earth (ground) so that should the line (live) conductor make accidental contact with that frame, the resulting earth-fault current will be large enough to operate the protective fuse or circuit breaker, which will disconnect the toaster from its supply. The earth wire is simply an alternative route back to the supply transformer for current.
The motor needs the current and magnetic flux to create motion The magnetic field is created by field winding where as armature carries the current resulting into the rotation of armature
The deposits resulting from corrosion create an impediment to the flow of electricity.
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No. A chemical reaction has taken place but mass is conserved.
Resistance in a conductor increases as the length of the conductor increases. This is because a longer conductor provides more material for electrons to collide with, resulting in more resistance to the flow of electric current.
An object becomes negatively charged by gaining electrons. Electrons are negatively charged particles that can move from one object to another, causing an imbalance of charge and resulting in the object becoming negatively charged.
An acid's strength as a conductor is based on the concentration of ions it produces when dissolved in water. Strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid, dissociate completely into ions and conduct electricity well. Weak acids, like acetic acid, only partially dissociate and produce fewer ions, resulting in lower conductivity.
When lines of force are cut by a conductor, an electromotive force (EMF) is induced in the conductor according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. This induced EMF can drive an electric current to flow in the conductor, resulting in the generation of electrical power.
To create negatively charged water, you can use a process called electrolysis. This involves passing an electric current through water to separate it into its component parts of hydrogen and oxygen. The negatively charged ions will be attracted to the positive electrode, resulting in negatively charged water.