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What is pre-fault voltage?
It is simply the voltage of the system before the fault occurs.. Most probably this is the voltage of healthy system...
What are the causes of power loss in generator- turbine system?
There are several causes that can cause a generator turbine system to lose power. The most common cause is a lack of fuel.
What are the types of grounding?
1. Ungrounded. Electrical power systems that are operated with no intentional connection to earth ground are described as ungrounded. Although these systems were standard in the '40s and '50s, they're still in use today. The main advantage of this type of grounding system is that it offers a low value of current flow and reliability during a fault. Unfortunately, this type of system also offers some big disadvantages. One major disadvantage to an ungrounded system is in the difficulty in locating a line-to-ground fault. Finding the fault is a time consuming process. For that reason, it's often done on the weekends so a company doesn't have to shut down its normal production processes. In addition, the fault must be located and repaired quickly because if a second fault occurs, the fault acts like a phase-to-phase fault extending the repair process. Advantages * Offers a low value of current flow for line-to-line ground fault (5A or less). * Presents no flash hazard to personnel for accidental line-to-ground fault. * Assures continued operation of processes on the first occurrence of a line-to-ground fault. * Low probability of line-to-ground arcing fault escalating to phase-to-phase or 3-phase fault. Disadvantages * Difficult to locate line-to-ground fault. * Doesn't control transient overvoltages. * Cost of system maintenance is higher due to labor involved in locating ground faults. * A second ground fault on another phase will result in a phase-to-phase short circuit. 2. Solidly grounded. This type of grounding system is most commonly used in industrial and commercial power systems, where grounding conductors are connected to earth ground with no intentional added impedance in the circuit. A main secondary circuit breaker is a vital component required in this system, although it has no bearing in other grounding systems. This component is large in size because it has to carry the full load current of the transformer. Back-up generators are frequently used in this type of grounding system in case a fault shuts down a production process. When this happens, the generators become solidly grounded. However, it's important to note that the generators aren't designed for the larger short circuit current associated with solidly grounded systems. A solidly grounded system has high values of current ranging between 10kA and 20kA. This current flows through grounding wires, building steel, conduit, and water pipes, which can cause major damage to equipment and shut down production processes. When a line-to-ground fault occurs, arcing can create flashes-generally in the terminating box. In this enclosed area, water is turned to steam, causing the terminating box. To locate the fault, all you need to do is follow the smoke. Advantages * Good control of transient overvoltage from neutral to ground. * Allows user to easily locate faults. * Can supply line-neutral loads. Disadvantages * Poses severe arc flash hazards. * Requires the purchase and installation of an expensive main breaker. * Unplanned interruption of production process. * Potential for severe equipment damage during a fault. * High values of fault current. * Likely escalation of single-phase fault to 3-phase fault. * Creates problems on the primary system. 3. High-resistance grounding. High-resistance grounding (HRG) systems are commonly used in plants and mills where continued operation of processes is paramount in the event of a fault. High-resistance grounding is normally accomplished by connecting the high side of a single-phase distribution transformer between the system neutral and ground, and connecting a resistor across the low-voltage secondary to provide the desired lower value of high side ground current. With an HRG system, service is maintained even during a ground fault condition. If a fault does occur, alarm indications and lights help the user quickly locate and correct the problem or allow for an orderly shutdown of the process. An HRG system limits ground fault current to between 1A and 10A. Advantages * Limits the ground fault current to a low level. * Reduces electric shock hazards. * Controls transient overvoltages. * Reduces the mechanical stresses in circuits and equipment. * Maintains continuity of service. * Reduces the line voltage drop caused by the occurrence and clearing of a ground fault. Disadvantages * High frequencies can appear as nuisance alarms. * Ground fault may be left on system for an extended period of time. Grounding of an electrical system is a decision many of us face on a daily basis. As we've seen, several methods exist to accomplish this task, each offering its own advantages and disadvantages. As an electrical designer or installation professional its up to you to make the final decision as to when best to install the most appropriate system. Azad M Patel Electrical Engineer
Why does the electricity go out when it is storming?
Storm related electrical outages may occur for a variety of reasons, most of which are caused by lightning strikes, fallen trees, or weather related damage to the components of the electrical system. If a major storm produces severe flooding, the local electrical power may be turned off to prevent accidental electrocution and to prevent damage to the main electrical grid infrastructure.
How do you wire -48v dc power and ground to earth?
always think of any supply system so : RED = MOST POSITIVE BLACK = MOST NEGATIVE in a telecom system the -48V supply is refferenced to ground and earth, so the supply wire is NEGATIVE, this means a DC supply most positive signal the RED wire, go to EARTH = ZERO, the BLACK wire is the MOST negative, so in this case it is -48V
What kinda fault is the most common in the san Andreas fault system?
Strike-Slip fault is the most common fault type in the San Andreas fault system.
Which type of fault is most common in the San Andrea's fault system?
Subduction
What fault type is most common in the san Andres fault system?
The San Andreas Fault system is primarily a right-lateral strike-slip fault, where the two sides of the fault move horizontally past each other. This fault type is the most prevalent in the system and is responsible for the majority of the movement along the fault.
What is fault voltage?
It is simply the voltage of the system before the fault occurs.. Most probably this is the voltage of healthy system...
Which type of fault is the most common in the san andrears fault system?
Strike-slip faults are the most common fault type around the San Andreas Fault.
What fault system is most common in the San Andrea's fault system?
It's a transform boundary between two plates. The resultant fault of a transform boundary.
What is pre-fault voltage?
It is simply the voltage of the system before the fault occurs.. Most probably this is the voltage of healthy system...
What is the fault system that causes most of California's earthquakes?
That would be the San Andreas fault line.
What kind of fault is probably most common in the northern San Adreas Fault system?
The most common type of fault in the northern San Andreas Fault system is strike-slip fault, where the blocks move horizontally past each other. This fault system is characterized by lateral movement along the fault line, with the Pacific Plate moving northwest relative to the North American Plate.
What consequences have you faced through your most grievous fault?
The consequences I faced due to my most serious mistake were severe and had a significant impact on my life.
What is the most common fault in the san Andreas fault system?
It's a transform boundary between two plates. The resultant fault of a transform boundary.
What fault is most common in the San Andreas fault system?
It's a transform boundary between two plates. The resultant fault of a transform boundary.
