1. What stages do stars go through?
No, not all stars go through all stages of stellar evolution. The evolutionary path of a star depends on its mass. Low-mass stars like the Sun will go through stages like main sequence, red giant, and white dwarf, while high-mass stars can go through stages like supernova and neutron star or black hole formation.
As stars approach the end of their life cycles, they undergo several stages depending on their mass. For low to medium-mass stars, like our Sun, they expand into red giants, shedding outer layers to form planetary nebulas, with the core remaining as a white dwarf. Massive stars, however, experience a more violent end, going supernova and leaving behind either a neutron star or a black hole. Throughout these stages, nuclear fusion processes change, leading to the formation of heavier elements.
Astronomers study star formation by observing young stars and star-forming regions, tracking their properties and evolution over time. They use telescopes that can detect different wavelengths of light, such as infrared and radio waves, to peer through dust clouds and see where stars are forming. By combining observational data with theoretical models, astronomers can deduce the processes involved in star formation.
The oldest stars are typically red in color. These stars are referred to as red dwarfs, and they are some of the oldest objects in the universe, dating back to the early stages of star formation. Blue stars are younger and hotter than red stars.
Zirconium is primarily formed through the process of nuclear fusion in supernovae, as well as through the s-process in asymptotic giant branch stars. It is then distributed through the universe via stellar explosions and subsequent formation of new stars and planetary systems.
Nuclear fusion in stars is responsible for the formation of all chemical elements through a process called nucleosynthesis. During fusion, lighter elements combine to form heavier elements in the star's core, releasing large amounts of energy in the process. As stars go through different stages of fusion, a wide variety of elements are formed, eventually leading to the creation of elements such as carbon, oxygen, iron, and beyond.
Stars are formed from clouds of gas and dust in space through a process called stellar formation. The key stages in a star's life cycle include: formation from a collapsing cloud of gas and dust, main sequence where the star fuses hydrogen into helium, red giant phase where the star expands and cools, and finally either a white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole depending on the star's mass.
Stars tend to change from one colour to another, as you put it, like a disco ball. This is because the heat inside the star is changing as the stars goes through different growth stages, eventually exploding.
Hydrogen and helium are primarily formed inside stars through nuclear fusion processes. As stars age and go through various stages of stellar evolution, they can also produce heavier elements such as carbon, oxygen, and iron through fusion reactions in their cores.
Giant and supergiant stars are rare because they represent later stages in the life cycle of a star, which are shorter in duration compared to the main sequence phase. Additionally, the formation of giant and supergiant stars requires a massive initial stellar mass, which is less common in the universe.
Gravity doesn't just "affect" the formation of stars; it's just about the only force that CAUSES the stars to form in the first place.
Stars primarily use hydrogen, helium, and carbon as fuels for nuclear fusion. In the early stages of a star's life, hydrogen is fused into helium through the process of nuclear fusion in the core. As stars evolve, they can fuse helium into carbon and other heavier elements in later stages, depending on their mass and life cycle.