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Why are fruit fies an ideal organism for genetic research?
Fruit flies are prolific breeders, have 4 pairs of chromosomes, and have easily distinguishable chromosomes.
What do the genetic codes xx and xy mean?
There are 22 autosomal chromosomes and 2 sex chromosomes in humans. In all the other chromosomes, the homologous pairs match up genetic loci. However, in human sex chromosomes the X and Y chromosome are different (with the X chromosome being much larger and the Y chromosome carrying genes that cause "maleness"). Someone with an X and a Y chromosome is a male because he has a Y chromosome that carries the genes that code for "maleness". Females "lack" this Y chromosome, and thus show characteristic female phenotypes.
Why crossing over takes place?
Occurs during prophase I of meiosis (pachytene) in a process called synapsis. Crossover usually occurs when matching regions on matchingchromosomes break and then reconnect to the other chromosome. The value of crossing over is that each parent has a different daughter cell.
How genetic information is kept constant through cell division?
when cell division occurs chromosomes segregate & also the genes present in pairs on then as the genes store genetic information it is kept constant though cell division
Distinct threadlike structures containing genetic information are called?
They may be called several things. They could be called Chromosomes (however these are when the genetic information has been aggregated into bodies (usually resembling an X). It can be called DNA (meaning deoxyribonucleic acid) which is the long strand of information made of up base pairs which resembles a twisted ladder. A small segment of that ladder which produces only one protein may be called a Gene. (from whence we get the term genetics). When DNA is being used to make pieces of the cell and produce stuff in genera, it is transcoded into RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) which is a temporary form of the genetic information which can be taken from the nucleus of the cell where the DNA is stored and turned into protein elsewhere. This form of RNA is known as Messenger (m)RNA. containing genetic information: Chromatin condenses to form chromosomes. These distinct, threadlike structures contain the genetic information or DNA.
In what phase of meiosis does chromosomes line up along equator not in homologous pairs?
AnaPhase1
What happens in metaphase 1?
pairs of homologous chromosomes move to the equator of the cell
What is the name phase of homologous chromosomes lined up at the equator in pairs?
metaphase I of meiosis
How many chromosomes are at the metaphase II equator?
There are two chromosome that are at the metaphase II equator. Chromosomes are already duplicated and are homologous pairs in Metaphase II.
How many pairs of homologous chromosomes do humans have in total?
Humans have a total of 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes.
What are the cells called that have pairs of homologous chromosomes?
The cells that have pairs of homologous chromosomes are called diploid cells.
Chromosomes come in pairs known as what?
Homologous chromosomes
What happens at the end of metaphase 1?
At the end of metaphase I, the homologous pairs of chromosomes line up along the cell's equator. This alignment allows for the independent assortment of genetic material during anaphase I, where the homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.
What is the total number of chromosomes in a cell that contains chromosomes in homologous pairs?
The total number of chromosomes in a cell with homologous pairs is twice the number of unique chromosomes. For humans, the total number of chromosomes in a cell with homologous pairs is 46.
How many pairs of homologous chromosomes do leopard frogs have?
Leopard frogs have 13 pairs of homologous chromosomes, for a total of 26 chromosomes.
Where are homologous pairs of chromosomes not normally found in?
Homologous pairs of chromosomes are not normally found in gametes, which are reproductive cells such as eggs and sperm. This is because gametes are haploid, meaning they only contain one set of chromosomes, while homologous pairs consist of two sets of matching chromosomes.
How many pairs of homologous chromosomes are found in the nucleus of a human somatic tissue cell?
there are 23 pairs of matching chromosomes 46 chromosomes altogether.
