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How do computer calculate?
Digital computers calculate by manipulating encoded symbols using logic circuits.Analog computers calculate in a wide variety of ways with continuous analogous representation of data.
What is saturated and unsaturated logic family?
Saturated and unsaturated logic families refer to the operating states of transistors in digital circuits. In a saturated logic family, transistors are driven into saturation during the "on" state, allowing for faster switching and lower output impedance, which can improve performance but may increase power consumption. In contrast, unsaturated logic families operate in the active region, where transistors are not fully saturated, leading to higher output impedance and slower switching speeds, but typically lower power consumption. Each type has its trade-offs, affecting the design choices in integrated circuits.
How digital IC of two different logic families can be connected on a single chip?
by using buffers however while the logic function for each family remains the same incompatibility is clearly evident. ANSWER: On a single chip it would be handled internally as an example TTL input CMOS output or vice verse
What is a logic box?
A logic box is a conceptual tool used in various fields such as philosophy, computer science, and logic to represent and analyze logical statements and their relationships. It typically involves a framework or model that allows for visualizing how different propositions interact, including their truth values and implications. Logic boxes can help simplify complex reasoning processes and aid in the understanding of logical structures and arguments. They are often used in educational contexts to teach foundational concepts in logic and critical thinking.
What is business logic and presentation logic in java?
business logic ....refers to the domain specific logic rules,proc,and processes presentation logic......concerned with how objects are displayed to the user of the software
What are the blocks in logic gates?
The blocks in a logic gate depends on the logic family we use.A logic gate is designed using a specific logic family. The logic families can be DTL, TTL, CMOS etc.The blocks are different for different logic families.The various blocks in various logic families are:Diode logic: diodes and resistorsDTL logic : diodes and resistorsTTL logic : transistors and resistorsNMOS logic: only NMOS FETsPMOS logic: Only PMOS FETsCMOS logic: Both NMOS and PMOS FETsBiCMOS Logic: both transistors and FETs.
Which logic family has the highest noise immunity?
Each logic family has a noise margin (also called "noise immunity") specified by the manufacturer. Manufacturers guarantee that the digital logic will still produce correct results even when some small amount of noise is superimposed on a gate output signal. The maximum amount of such noise that manufacturers are willing to guarantee is the noise margin. In order from highest to lowest noise immunity: high-threshold logic: ??? CMOS has a noise margin of 2.95 volts with a 10 V power supply. CMOS has a noise margin of 1.45 volts with a 5 V power supply. CMOS has a noise margin of 0.6 volts with a 3 V power supply. TTL has a noise margin of 0.3 volts. integrated injection logic (IIL): ???
How cmos logic families works in negative temperatures?
CMOS logic families tolerate low temperatures because they are designed to. I suppose the why is not public because those would be trade secrets.
What is meant by standard load in digital electronics?
One standard load is the load of a typical input of a specified logic family. This is more relevant with bipolar logic families (e.g. RTL, DTL, TTL, ECL, I2L) than MOS logic families (e.g. NMOS, CMOS). Outputs of devices in these logic families are then rated by the number of standard loads they can drive. However when crossing between logic families (e.g. LS TTL to S TTL) the concept of standard loads is less useful and actual high/low state input current loading and output drive capability calculations should usually be made.
What is the different of logic families?
Logic families refer to groups of digital logic circuits that share similar characteristics, such as voltage levels, power consumption, and speed. Common logic families include TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic), CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor), and ECL (Emitter-Coupled Logic), each offering trade-offs between speed, power efficiency, and complexity. TTL is known for its robustness and moderate speed, CMOS boasts low power consumption and high density, while ECL provides the fastest switching speeds at the cost of higher power use. The choice of logic family depends on the specific requirements of an application, such as speed, power consumption, and integration density.
What is TTL logic?
TTL Logic Circuits - "Transistor Transistor Logic" - are made using BJTs. They operate from +5 Volts. These are available from simple AND, OR, NAND Gates to complex circuits. The voltage levels are INPUT OUTPUT Low (0) < 0.8V <0.4V High (1) >2.0V >2.4V Levels in between are undefined. The outputs are better than the inputs by 0.4V thus offering a noise margin. These are seldom used these days as other logic families have been introduced offering more advantages like, speed, lower power, wider / lower operating voltage, higher fanouts.
What are the disadvantages of TTL logic family?
Briefly, TTL uses more power than more modern families.
How do computer calculate?
Digital computers calculate by manipulating encoded symbols using logic circuits.Analog computers calculate in a wide variety of ways with continuous analogous representation of data.
What are the use of And logic gate?
AND logic gate is used to obtain the product of two digits. It is used in various combinational and sequential circuits.
RTL ECL HTL HCL in what logic is the fastest?
Out of these logic families, ECL (Emitter-Coupled Logic) is typically the fastest due to its high speed operation and low propagation delay. ECL is widely used in high-speed applications such as telecommunications and data communications.
What is logic analyzers?
A logical analyzer is a device that is used to calculate and display digital signals. This is used to debug and evaluate the errors and find improvements that can be performed in digital systems.
Why the name is Transistor-transistor logic?
TTL - transistor-transistor logic uses connections between transistors to perform logic functions, rather than connections using resistors or diodes.T - transistor input stage (logic section)T - transistor output stage (power gain section)L - logicEarlier logic families like DTL (D - diode input stage) and RTL (R - resistor input stage) used different components in the input circuit and simpler output circuits.Later logic families like IIL (Integrated Injection Logic) and CMOS (Complimentary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) used entirely different circuits without separating into input (logic) and output (power gain) stages and significantly reduced power consumption, making dramatically higher levels of integration practical.
