Defects can be varied and classified as critical or non critical. Porosity (bubbles) in the weld are usually acceptable to a certain degree. Slag inclusions, undercut, and cracks are usually non acceptable. Some porosity, cracks, and slag inclusions are visible and may not need further inspection to require their removal. Small defects such as these can be verified by Liquid Penetrant Testing (Dye check). Slag inclusions and cracks just below the surface can be discovered by Magnetic Particle Inspection. Deeper defects can be checked thru X-raying.
Magnetic Particle Testing, Ultrasonic Testing, Dye Penetrant, Radiography Testing (x-ray), Visual Inspection
Radiographic testing is similar to taking of an x-ray of a weld. It checks for integrity, penetration, and other necessary factors.
Post weld heat treat is done to bring back strength properties lost during welding. It is not related to non destructive testing
DP is not actually to do with welding it is a form of NDT which stands for non destructive testing; DP is dye-pen where a white liquid formation is placed over the weld & a normally red enhancer is then placed over the top; this then identifies surface cracks.
Seam welding- resistance welding process involving the use of (normally) copper or copper alloy rollers to simultaneously pass high current (10^4 amps and usually in pulses) and apply pressure to bond a lap seam between two pieces of sheet metal. Percussion Welding- arc welding process involving the use of a capacitor bank to bond on the order of milliseconds. A high current electric arc is developed between the items to be joined, and the items are rapidly accelerated together.
To check for defects like incomplete penetration and lack of fusion in welding, you can use techniques like visual inspection, ultrasonic testing, penetrant testing, or radiographic testing. Visual inspection involves visually examining the welded joint to look for discontinuities. Ultrasonic testing uses high-frequency sound waves to detect defects below the surface. Penetrant testing involves applying a dye to the weld and then inspecting for any surface-breaking defects. Radiographic testing uses X-rays or gamma rays to detect internal defects.
O. J. V. Chapman has written: 'RR-PRODIGAL' -- subject(s): Nuclear pressure vessels, Testing, Defects, Materials, Welding
UT, with regard to welding, stands for Ultrasonic Testing.
To check butt welding, you typically follow a procedure that includes visual inspection, non-destructive testing (NDT), and destructive testing if necessary. Start with a visual inspection to identify surface defects like cracks or gaps. Then, employ NDT methods such as ultrasonic testing (UT) or radiographic testing (RT) to assess the internal integrity of the weld. If further analysis is needed, a destructive test, such as tensile or bend testing, may be performed on a sample of the welded joint.
You can find pretty much all welding defects in Mig welding. There are some that are morelikely to appear than others but that is depending on the gas and power range that is being applied. The defects are: porosity, incomplete penetration (mostly in case of short circuit transfer) undercut, excessive concavity/convexity (incorrect amperage/voltage ratio), cracks (cold and hot) incomplete fusion (wrong torch angles), cold lap.
When we are using the tig welder we getting welding defects on our blanks, but when using the plasma weld no defects are found
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Magnetic Particle Testing, Ultrasonic Testing, Dye Penetrant, Radiography Testing (x-ray), Visual Inspection
1. crack 2. spatter 3.distortion 4. haz 5 blow holes
Ultrasonic testing is often used in industries such as aerospace, automotive, manufacturing, construction, and oil & gas. It is commonly used for inspecting welds, detecting flaws or defects in materials, measuring material thickness, and monitoring corrosion.
The best method for detecting defects in welds is Magnetic Particle. You can also use Fluorescent penatrent, and x-ray but they can be time consuming and often unreliable.
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