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Why the vacuum is maintained in Steam condenser?
It is important to maintain a vacuum in a condenser if you want it to work well.
What is kenotometer?
A kenotometer is an instrument used in steam turbine condensers to measure the vacuum in the steam space of the condenser. The vacuum achieved by the condenser has significant influence on the efficiency of the steam turbine.
Why does a static condenser differ from synchronous condenser?
Unlike a static condenser (capacitor bank), the value of reactive power from a synchronous condenser can be continuously adjusted. A synchronous condenser also has other advantages over static condensers such as: - not being affecting by harmonics (some harmonics can even be absorbed by a synch condenser) - producing no switching transients
Why is a condenser called a condenser?
The reason why it is called a barometric condenser is because it makes contact and it is a long vertical pipe into which it condensates and cools the liquid flow to accomplish the removal of pressure. It is also stated that when the pump is used the system is called a low level barometric condenser.
How to design a steam turbine?
-Check turbo generator lube oil sump level and drain it for water. Replenish it if level is less than normal. -Start the lube oil priming pump from the local station and check the lube oil pressure. Put the priming pump on auto. -Check and fill up the Turbine Generator vacuum pump operating water tank to normal level. -Check vacuum condenser condensate level from the condensate pump. Put the pump on auto so that the level is maintained all the time. -Operate the steam drain valve to drain any condensed water from the steam line to avoid excessive hammering and vibration while starting turbo generator. -Open the main steam inlet valve for turbo generator. -Adjust the gland steam pressure to normal level. -Check and open the sea water valves for vacuum pump cooler, T/G lube oil cooler and vacuum condenser are opened. -Start the vacuum pump and bring up the vacuum in the condenser. -Open condensate pump valves and switch on the pump. -Check whether the condensate vacuum, gland steam pressure, steam inlet pressure, and lube oil pressure are normal. -Start turbo generator from the local station and close the drain in the steam line. -Check first and second stage steam pressure. -Check condenser vacuum and water level. -Check lube oil pressure and vibration levels. -Check turbo generator speed, voltage, frequency, vacuum, condenser level and other parameters. -Give control to remote station from the local control and take the TG on load.
What is Difference between vacuum condenser and atmospheric condenser?
An atmospheric condenser operates naturally at atmospheric pressure (1.013bar). A vacuum condenser operates at pressures below atmospheric and will use some sort of pump to provide a vacuum.
Why the vacuum is maintained in condenser?
For increasing steam turbine efficiency. if vacuum is not maintained then, uncondensable gases and air in condenser will increase the condenser pressure.
How is a vacuum created in a condenser?
by air pump
What is reason for low vacuum in surface condenser?
Reasons for low vacuum: 1. Low gland sealing pressure 2. Condenser tubes choked 3. Condenser cooling water temperature high 4. Leakage in condenser tubes 5. Less cooling water flow
Why the vacuum is maintained in Steam condenser?
It is important to maintain a vacuum in a condenser if you want it to work well.
What is kenotometer?
A kenotometer is an instrument used in steam turbine condensers to measure the vacuum in the steam space of the condenser. The vacuum achieved by the condenser has significant influence on the efficiency of the steam turbine.
Why is vacuum in the condenser of such importance?
If you are talking about a condenser attached to a steam turbine, then a vacuum is important because it extends the usefulness of the steam in the turbine. As you probably know, steam begins to condense back into water at 212 deg at atmospheric pressure. However, in a vacuum condition, the boiling and condensing temperature is lower. Because the condenser is under a vacuum, steam exits the turbine and enters the condenser around 130 deg. This results in more power (mega watts).
What will happen if vacuum in surface condenser is very high?
If the vacuum in the surface condenser it very high, it results in higher practical thermal efficiency. It is important for you to keep the temperature to 100 Celsius or lower for it to work properly.
What is the use of vacuum pump in thermal power plant?
A vacuum pump is used to expel air and non-condensible gases from the condenser in order to allow it to continue accepting steam (the collapse of which produces the vacuum in a condenser). If the vacuum pump fails, it will take from seconds to a few minutes before enough non-condensible gases build up in the condenser to stop the flow of steam. The non-condensible gases come from the boiler feedwater supply, despite the fact that boiler water is treated to prevent this. The minute amount of air in the water is carried with the steam into the turbine then the condenser where it will concentrate unless removed by the vacuum pump.
What causes Back pressure on cooling system?
Condenser Backpressure is the difference between the Atmospheric Pressure and the Vacuum Reading of the Condenser, that is: Backpressure = Atm. Pressure - Condenser Vacuum Pressure Reading Usually, the condenser vacuum pressure is read by a manometer installed at the condenser. The atmospheric pressure is read using a barometer
Why the height kept of steam ejector 10.33 m?
So that it can maintain a vacuum on the condenser; and the U-drains, which drain back to the condenser, don't get sucked dry by the ejector set. The length of each leg of U-drain is specifically designed to maintain a certain vacuum at each position. The U-drains drain the condensate from the inter and after condensers and the gland seal condenser back to the main condenser. Water under a perfect vacuum will stand in a column 34 feet high (10.33 meters), which means a vacuum of 30 inches of mercury (762 mm) would draw everything out of a column that is not at least that high. It's to maintain the water seal on the U-drains to prevent air induction into the condenser.
What should be the possible reasons of vacuum drop of turbine?
In the low pressure side of a steam turbine, the vacuum is maintained by the condensation of steam in the condenser. At high loads, the condenser may not satisify the demand, allowing steam to remain gaseous for a longer period of time. This can cause pressure to rise.
