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Half. A somatic cell contains 2n and a gamete contains just n, where n is the number of chromosomes, which varies among species.

Stating the obvious, if an animal has to have 2n, and is formed via sexual reproduction then mathematically speaking, both gametes have to only have n. The survivability of a 3n animal (of a species/generation that is 2n) is low or impossible, and will usually die, sometimes even before being born. Such errors in division do occur, and they are naturally miscarried.

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