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Assuming you're talking about bits, the answer is always "2 to the x power" where in this case x is 3.

This is obviously a homework question, so instead of giving you the answer, I'll give you the explanation.

In the case of 4 bits, you'd have 16 values possible. 8 bits would be 256.

If you consider a bit to be a digit where the lowest number is 0 and the highest number is 1, then there are 2 possible values a bit can be. In the case of decimal (your normal counting numbers), the lowest value is 0 and the highest is 9 which is a maximum of 10.

If you have 3 decimal digits, there are 1000 possible decimal sequences or combinations that those numbers can be. Starting at 000 and working up to 999.

So you can calculate that by saying 10 to the 3rd power or 10x10x10 is 1000.

If you're solving for 2, then you'd multiply by 2 instead of 10. For example if you had 5 binary digits, your biggest number will be 11111 which is 31 in decimal, which means 5 digits of binary can go from 00000 to 11111 or 0 to 31. Or 32 possible values.

You can calculate this easily by multiplying 2 five times. 2x2x2x2x2 = 32.

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