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Enthalpy mathematically is the sum of the internal energy and work done in a process.internal energy is the sum of the kinetic energy,potential energy,vibrational energies etc

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What does enthalpy mean and how does it relate to the energy of a system?

Enthalpy is a measure of the total energy in a system, including both its internal energy and the energy required to maintain constant pressure. It relates to the energy of a system by indicating the amount of heat absorbed or released during a process at constant pressure.


What is H in the equation GH-TS?

In the equation ( GH - TS ), ( H ) typically represents enthalpy in thermodynamics. Enthalpy is a measure of the total heat content of a system, reflecting both internal energy and the product of pressure and volume. The equation itself may relate to various contexts, such as Gibbs free energy (( G )), temperature (( T )), and entropy (( S )), but without specific context, ( H ) generally signifies enthalpy.


What is the difference between the enthalpy of formation and the enthalpy of reaction, and how do they relate to each other in chemical reactions?

The enthalpy of formation is the energy change when one mole of a compound is formed from its elements in their standard states. The enthalpy of reaction is the energy change in a chemical reaction. The enthalpy of reaction can be calculated by subtracting the sum of the enthalpies of formation of the reactants from the sum of the enthalpies of formation of the products.


What is the difference between enthalpy and heat, and how do they relate to each other in the context of thermodynamics?

Enthalpy is a measure of the total energy in a system, including both internal energy and pressure-volume work. Heat, on the other hand, is the transfer of energy between a system and its surroundings due to a temperature difference. In thermodynamics, enthalpy change is related to heat transfer at constant pressure through the equation H q PV, where q is the heat transferred and PV is the pressure-volume work done by the system.


How does gibbs energy relate to the changes in ethalpy and ethropy?

Gibbs energy accounts for both enthalpy (heat) and entropy (disorder) in a system. A reaction will be spontaneous if the Gibbs energy change is negative, which occurs when enthalpy is negative (exothermic) and/or entropy is positive (increased disorder). The relationship between Gibbs energy, enthalpy, and entropy is described by the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where T is temperature in Kelvin.


What is the difference between the Gibbs and Helmholtz free energy equations and how do they relate to each other in thermodynamics?

The Gibbs free energy equation considers both the enthalpy and entropy of a system, while the Helmholtz free energy equation only considers the internal energy and entropy. In thermodynamics, these equations are related through the relationship G H - TS, where G is the change in Gibbs free energy, H is the change in enthalpy, S is the change in entropy, and T is the temperature. This equation helps determine whether a reaction is spontaneous or non-spontaneous at a given temperature.


What is an isenthalpic process and how does it relate to the conservation of enthalpy in thermodynamics?

An isenthalpic process is a thermodynamic process where the enthalpy of a system remains constant. This means that the heat added or removed from the system is equal to the work done by the system. In other words, the total energy of the system remains constant during an isenthalpic process, demonstrating the conservation of enthalpy in thermodynamics.


What is meant by internal energy of the system?

Depending what you relate it to. In an electronic system it would relate to the amount of watts consumed or supplied; whereas, an organic system would be the magnitude of glucose (or equivalent).


How do wavelengths absorbed by cans differ from wavelengths radiated?

Wavelengths absorbed by cans correspond to the specific frequencies of light or energy that the material of the can is able to capture and convert into heat. On the other hand, wavelengths radiated by cans relate to the frequencies of light or energy that the material emits as heat due to its temperature. The absorbed wavelengths contribute to the internal energy of the can, while the radiated wavelengths represent the release of that energy in the form of heat.


How does the h fusion relate to the h of molecules involved in a reaction?

The enthalpy of fusion (ΔH_fus) refers to the heat required to convert a substance from solid to liquid at its melting point, while the enthalpy (ΔH) of molecules involved in a reaction represents the overall energy change during that reaction. When considering a reaction that involves a solid melting before reacting, the enthalpy of fusion is a key component of the total energy balance. The ΔH of the reaction will often include the ΔH_fus of any solid reactants that must first transition to a liquid state before further reactions occur.


How does thermal energy relate to kinetic energy?

Thermal energy is the internal energy of a substance due to the motion of its atoms and molecules. This motion is directly related to the kinetic energy of the particles, as faster moving particles have higher kinetic energy. In this way, thermal energy is a form of kinetic energy at the microscopic level.


How does Thermal energy and conduction relate to each other?

Thermal energy is the internal energy of an object due to the motion of its particles. Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy between substances in direct contact. The greater the difference in temperature between two objects, the faster thermal energy will be transferred through conduction.