What are c plus plus statements?

Answer 1

Statements are how we tell the compiler what we want our program to do. In other words, they are the instructions written in C++ code. A statement may be a simple instruction to invoke a function call, such as:

foo();

Or to perform an operation, such as adding two integers:

x+=y;

Note that all statements end with a semi-colon.

We can also group individual statements together to form a compound statement. For instance, when we use an if statement to evaluate a condition, we might want more than one statement to execute if the condition were true. We use curly braces to create a compound statement:

if (x==42)

{

for(int i=0; i<100; ++i)

std::cout<<i<<std::endl;

foo();

}

In the above example, if x were 42, then we'd print the number 0 to 99 and then call foo(). If x were not 42, then we'd skip over the entire compound statement and execute the next statement instead.

Compound statements may also be nested. In the above example, for instance, the for loop might contain a compound statement:

if (x==42)

{

for(int i=0; i<100; ++i)

{

std::cout<<i<<std::endl;

foo(i);

}

}

In this case, we print the value 0 and then call foo(0) on the first iteration of the loop, then print 1 and call foo(1), and so on. But since the for loop constitutes the entire compound of the if statement, we can eliminate the outer set of braces completely:

if (x==42)

for(int i=0; i<100; ++i)

{

std::cout<<i<<std::endl;

foo(i);

}

We can also create compound statements using commas to separate the individual statements. For instance, when we delete a pointer we will typically nullify the pointer straight away. Like so:

if (p)

delete (p), p=NULL;

The above is simply a shorthand for the following compound statement:

if(p)

{

delete(p);

p=NULL;

}

Answer 2

For example: <expression>, <statement-block>, <null-statement>, switch, if, while, for, return, break, continue, try, catch...