What are pump fundamentals?

Answer 1

Pump fundamentals are the fundamental principles that govern how pumps work. These include the conservation of mass, mechanical energy, and momentum which is often restated in the form of the Bernoulli equation:

(P2-P1)/rho+g*(z2-z1)+0.5*(V2^2-V1^2)+ef+w=0
for incompressible systems in turbulent flow

P2= outlet pressure
P1= inlet pressure
rho= density
g= gravitational constant = 9.81m/s^2=32.174ft/s^2 on earth at sea level
z2= final height
z1= initial height
V2= outlet velocity
V1= inlet velocity (often equal to zero if you are pumping a stationary fluid)
ef= frictional force (summation of all friction due to pipe lengths, fittings, valves, expansions, and contractions)
w= work (in this case w>0 means work flows out of the system)

The continuity equation is useful when dealing with flowing fluids and is simply a restatement of conservation of mass:

(rho*V*A)in=(rho*V*A)out
A= cross sectional area