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The national building code (IBC) recently changed on this for residential, due to so many people falling on short little 9" steps. An average foot is a foot long, since that is where the measurement came from (the King's foot!). Ladies in high heels might not land with the spike heel on the step when going up stairs, so she may fall backwards and risk serous injury.

Max. rise is now 7-3/4", and minimum run is 10", nose-to-nose, with at least a 3/4" bullnose required, so the step is actually about 11" long. For commercial or multi-family stairs, it is still 7" max and 11" min. run, with a 1" bullnose, so the tread is about 12" wide, and closed treads, so feet or small children don't slip through. Max. variation allowed is +/- 3/16", so aim for 6-13/16" average rise when building the stringers if doing 7" max steps.

Building Inspectors are very strict on this since tripping on stairs comes up often in lawsuits. A toe clears a stair nosing by only an 1/8" or so, so it is easy to trip. Even if your best friend trips and gets injured, the treating hospital might sue you to recover expenses.

Make sure your 'public' front entry steps conform, and have 36" ht handrails (BOTH sides now, per Code). If the UPS guy or the heavy-set lady next door comes over and trips, and your steps are non-conforming, you can get sued and lose.

For front doors, the 7-3/4" is measured to the top of the threshold, so your landing should be about 7" max under the the top of the interior floor. Landings must be at least 36" deep for the width of the doorway, so be careful with curved landings.

4" is the minimum size step. 1/2" to 4" is considered a trip hazard; not really flush, but not really a step, and is not allowed.

Winding steps have the run measured 12" in from the inside, and the run should be a consistant length.

A single step should be 13" deep.

For long low steps across landscaping, keep the rise+run around 18", so a 4" step would have a 14" run.

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15y ago

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