This might be a fundamental description of a semiconductor material.
conductor
No. Resistance does not flow. Resistance is the characteristic of a material that resists the movement of electrons and thus the flow of electrical current.
An insulator or a dielectric.AnswerInsulators behave in the way they do because they contain insufficient numbers of charge carriers to support conduction. It has nothing to do with electrons being 'unable to flow easily'!
Electrical resistance is just that: obstruction to the flow of electrons, which are (generally speaking) electric current. Electrons are what orbit the nucleus of an atom. You can force them out of their various orbital shells by using the proper voltage. Many non-conductive materials are not suitable for electron flow because they have a high resistance, e.g. glass. But if you send enough voltage through materials with high resistance the electrons will arc through the air across the top of the material. Note: You can, with a high enough voltage applied in a particular manner, cause the material itself to "fail" and conduct electricity. The high voltage will destroy the material when it ionizes the atoms within it. We can generate voltages high enough to punch through anything. Almost anything metallic is a good material for an electron to go through. In general, metals are good conductors of electricity. They have a low resistance.
Resistors and semi-conductors. As electrons travel through these less conductive substances they collide with more atoms, typically converting some of their energy to heat and light. Consider a common light bulb - the tungsten filament is a simple resistor - the tungsten atoms partially block the electrons traveling through, converting their energy to light and some heat.
The term for the flow of electrons through the insulating material of a capacitor is called "dielectric breakdown."
magnetism
Electrons have difficulty moving around an electric current in certain materials because of resistance. Resistance is caused by collisions with other atoms and impurities in the material that hinder the flow of electrons. This resistance generates heat energy and limits the ability of electrons to move freely through the material.
conductor
Resistance.
Substances that conduct an electric current under certain conditions are most likely to be metals or solutions containing ions. Metals have free electrons that can move through the material, allowing for the flow of electric current. Ionic solutions contain ions that can move and carry charge, enabling them to conduct electricity.
A material's ability to conduct electricity is determined by its conductivity, which is a measure of how easily electrons can flow through it. Metals typically have high electrical conductivity, while insulators have low conductivity. Semiconductors fall in between and can be controlled to conduct electricity under certain conditions.
Current through a material can change by varying the voltage applied across the material, altering the resistance of the material, or modifying the temperature of the material. These changes can affect the flow of electrons through the material and, consequently, the current passing through it.
Materials that have high resistance do not allow electrons to move easily through them. This can be due to factors such as the material's atomic structure, temperature, or impurities present in the material.
In a solid, electrons can move through the crystalline lattice structure by hopping from one atom to another. This movement is facilitated by thermal energy which causes the atoms to vibrate, allowing the electrons to navigate through the lattice. Additionally, electrons can also move in response to an electric field applied externally to the solid.
Electrons do not readily flow through insulating materials, which have a high resistance to the flow of electric current due to their tightly bound electrons. Examples of insulating materials include rubber, plastic, and glass.
insulator