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Cyclomatic complexity is a software metric (measurement) developed by Thomas McCabe and is used to measure the complexity of a program. It directly measures the number of linearly independent paths through a program's source code. One of the ways is counting the number of closed loops in the flow graph, and incrementing the number by one. i.e. M = Number of closed loops + 1

where M = Cyclomatic number. Implications for Software Testing

M is a lower bound for the number of possible paths through the control flow graph.

M is an upper bound for the number of test cases that are necessary to achieve a complete branch coverage.

For example, consider a program that consists of two sequential if-then-else statements. if (c1) {

f1();

} else {

f2();

}

if (c2) {

f3();

} else {

f4();

} To achieve a complete branch coverage, two test cases are sufficient here.

For a complete path coverage, four test cases are necessary.

The cyclomatic number M is three, falling in the range between these two values, as it does for any program.

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