What is difference between Harp and fan designs of cable stayed bridge?

Answer 1

In harp type cable stayed bridges the cables running from the deck to the tower run parallel or near parallel and attach to different points on the tower, in fan type bridges the cables all run back to the same point near the top of the tower.

The fan type bridges have less horizontal loading on the deck so a lighter and less stiff deck structure is possible but presumably you need a stronger and higher tower, or at least able to support more vertical load high up (not sure I'm not an engineer I just like the aesthetics of these structures!)

Answer 2

The harp and fan designs are two distinct cable arrangement patterns used in cable-stayed bridges. Each design has its own characteristics and advantages. Here's a concise comparison of the two:

Harp Design:

1. Cable arrangement: Cables are arranged parallel to each other, forming a harp-like pattern.

2. Anchoring: Cables are attached to the tower at different heights along its length.

3. Aesthetics: Offers a clean, orderly appearance.

4. Structural efficiency: Generally less efficient than the fan design for longer spans.

5. Tower height: Typically requires taller towers compared to fan design.

6. Cable forces: More evenly distributed along the tower height.

Fan Design:

1. Cable arrangement: Cables radiate from a single point or small area at the top of the tower.

2. Anchoring: All cables are anchored near the top of the tower.

3. Aesthetics: Creates a more dramatic, converging visual effect.

4. Structural efficiency: More efficient for longer spans due to steeper cable angles.

5. Tower height: Can use shorter towers compared to harp design.

6. Cable forces: Concentrated at the top of the tower, requiring stronger tower design.

Key differences:

1. Visual impact: Harp design appears more orderly, while fan design is more dramatic.

2. Structural efficiency: Fan design is generally more efficient for longer spans.

3. Tower design: Fan design requires stronger tower tops, while harp design distributes forces more evenly.

4. Cable length: Fan design typically uses shorter cables overall.

5. Construction complexity: Harp design can be more complex due to multiple anchor points on the tower.

Both designs have their merits, and the choice between them often depends on factors such as span length, aesthetic preferences, and site-specific conditions. Some bridges even combine elements of both designs for optimal performance and appearance.