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A genetic brain disorder is one which is caused by a genetic defect, a 'typo' in the person's DNA sequence that leads to the miscoding of a critical protein. One example is the family of prion diseases; some forms of Alzheimer's may also be inherited.

Alternately, brain injury can be caused in utero, or during the process of childbirth (such as a lack of oxygen if the umbilical cord gets tangled around the neck). These are notgenetic disorders, as there would be no risk of passing them on should the person later have children of their own.

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