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Parameters are the formal arguments of a function, as defined by the function. When you pass arguments to a function, those arguments are assigned to the function's parameters, either by value or by reference, depending on how the parameters are declared in the function. The following example explains both:

void foo( int param )

{

// param is a by value parameter, which is a copy of the argument passed to it.

}

void bar( int& param )

{

// param is a reference parameter, which references the argument passed to it.

}

int main()

{

int arg = 100;

foo( arg );

bar( arg );

return( 0 );

}

Note that passing a pointer is the same as passing an int by value: the pointer's value is passed to the function, not the pointer itself. To pass a pointer by reference, you must pass a pointer to pointer and the function's parameter must accept a pointer to pointer.

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