Structured programming introduced structured loops such as for, while and do-while loops, combined with continue and break statements to adjust the flow of execution within a loop. switch/case (and break) was also introduced to provide more efficient branching than was possible with if...elseif alone. Subroutines were also introduced with the gosub keyword.
The structured programming style (or paradigm) was introduced primarily to reduce the use of the goto keyword which tended to produce "spaghetti code" which is difficult to read (and thus difficult to maintain). Of course, the resultant machine code is still spaghetti in nature (that is unavoidable), however applying structure to the source code makes it much easier to reason about the code and thus reduces the maintenance burden.
Procedural programming extends structured programming through the introduction of the procedure call (or function call). A function is similar to a subroutine (which always returns to its caller) except a function can also (optionally) accept arguments from the caller as well as (again optionally) return values to the caller. This makes it possible to write code in a more functional style, but primarily allows us to name our code blocks. With well-named functions, code is largely self-documenting, reducing the need for user-comments which are often a distraction to humans and completely ignored by compilers.
Object-oriented programming extends procedural programming further through the introduction of classes which encapsulate data and the functions that operate upon that data, and from which objects can be instantiated. This in turn allows ideas such as class invariants and concepts to be expressed directly in code rather than relying on user-comments that may be incorrect (because the compiler can't check them) or simply ignored by the reader. Given the compiler can perform many checks that would otherwise have to be done at runtime, the resultant code is smaller and more efficient.
Template-metaprogramming extends the notion further by allowing classes to be generalised to the extent the compiler can generate classes according to a template its specialisations, thus passing the responsibility for code duplication to the compiler, rather than the programmer. Furthermore, template code not used by a given specialisation need not be generated at all, reducing the need for otherwise redundant code.
The Elements of Programming Style was created in 1974.
goto is a statement, not a programming style.
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You need to understand a subroutine's ____ in order to use it. a. internal structure b. local variables c. programming style d. interface
'Good housekeeping' in C++ (C Plus Plus) programming could refer to the tidiness of one's coding. Code that is messy and without structure can become difficult to read, and if passed to another programmer, difficult to understand. If you comment code, structure it consistently and with a constant style, your code will be clean enough so that any programmer could pick it up and understand it.
The Elements of Programming Style was created in 1974.
goto is a statement, not a programming style.
Good programming style is consistent and self-documenting, making it easy to both read and maintain.
When a programming language is "object-oriented" it means that the code is based (or oriented) around Objects as opposed to executing line by line. An object is any value, variable, function, or data structure.
Object-oriented programming is a more recent subset of structured programming. Structured programming emphasized the need to align data structures with program structure, a concept that is formalized and carried much further in object-oriented programming. However, structured programming advocated hierarchical constraints on program structure that are incompatible with the event-driven, message-passing software architectures commonly implemented in the object-oriented style, today.
No.
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You need to understand a subroutine's ____ in order to use it. a. internal structure b. local variables c. programming style d. interface
programming used to develop software applications ,they focus on the procedural style of processing systems
There is no 'best' programming author; everyone has their own opinion based on the style of the writer of the code.
In the programming language I am using, the structure of the "ots" keyword is typically used for object-oriented programming and stands for "object to string." It is used to convert an object into a string representation.
It means using only three structure when programming: sequence, selection, repetition.