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The area available for flow along the length of the Compressors are chosen so that it decreases along the length of the compressor, due to increase in density as air gets compressed across the stages. The cross sectional area distribution across the length of the compressor is chosen for design conditions. At lower rotational speeds of the compressor, the density increase is limited as the pressure rise is very less and flow accelerates in a converging duct resulting in higher velocities in the exit. This problem is severe resulting in high machine vibration and possible component failure for a compressor designed to produce pressure ratio of over 8:1 in a single shaft. Starting the compressor (and hence the engine) becomes a problem then. To overcome this, two shaft arrangement is used so that high pressure compressor rotates at higher speeds, thereby splitting the pressure rise between the spools to alleviate this issue. High pressure compressor and Low pressure compressor are aerodynamically coupled instead of mechanical coupling. Hence HPC drives the LPC by demanding mass flow or spilling it in to bypass.
Posted by Kishore C on 16th May 2013
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