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Air core inductor: This inductor is used when less value of inductance has to be generated. A carboard or plastic former(core) is wound with the wire(the coil) and the maximum magnetic flux is lost and thus less flux is linked with the coil. hence the inductance is less.

Iron core inductor: This inductor is used when greater value of inductance has to be generated. A iron material is wound with the wire(the coil) and iron being a magnetic material gets magnetized itself hence more flux is generated and it is not lost.

The more Ferromagnetic material you use as a former(core), the greater is the flux linked with coil.

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