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Full Form of A.C. and D.C. supply is :

A.C.= Alternating Current

D.C.= Direct Current

Direct Current and Alternating Current are two methods for transmitting electricity. In Direct Current, the individual electrons start at the power source and travel all the way to and through the load (such as a light bulb) and all the way back to the opposite terminal of the power source. This technique works well for small applications where the electricity is not being transmitted over any great distance, and relatively small voltages are being used.

When distance and high voltage are required, Alternating current is used. In Alternating Current, the direction in which the electrons travel is flipped, usually sixty times per second. This results in each of the electrons moving only a small distance before being pulled the opposite way. This technique of transferring electricity is much more efficient because each electron only moves across a small distance, making the maximum power that can be transmitted dependent upon how many ambient electrons are in a wire. While in Direct Current, the maximum power that can be transmitted is limited by how many electrons a wire can transport around the entire circuit.

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