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The term torsional critical speed of centrifugal pumps and associated drive equipment refers to the speed of a pump rotor or related rotating system that corresponds to a resonant frequency of torsional vibration of the rotating system. Torsional critical speeds are associated with torsional or angular deflection of the rotor and are not to be confused with lateral critical speeds associated with lateral deflection. The two are separate entities. A given rotor or rotating system may possess more than one torsional resonant frequency or torsional critical speed. The lowest frequency which produces the "first mode shape" and "first torsional critical speed" is in general of the most concern. Torsional vibration is caused by torsional excitation from sources such as variable frequency drive motor toque pulsations, combustion engine torque spikes and impeller vane pass pulsation. The calculation of the first torsional critical speed is fairly simple for simple rotor systems.

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