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When you pass electricity through wires you warm the wires up. This heat is a total loss of energy. So you want to keep the loss to a minimum. The heating effect of electricity is increased with an increase in amperage (the current). The amount of power that goes through the wires is a function of the voltage x amps. So to transmit a certain amount of power with the minimum heat loss you keep the current down which mean pushing the voltage up. This is why the transmission wires near the generating station carry very high voltages. But these voltages are unsafe for use in domestic circuits so they have to be reduced by a series of Transformers from the high voltages in the main lines to lower voltages at substations to even lower voltages in the home.

But transformers are used in many other ways, but basically to change the voltage of the supply. Like your cellphone charger reduces the mains voltage to whatever it is your phone operates on, say 9 volts.

1. It is a static device which transforms the voltage (electromagnetically). In certain cases, the required voltage of a system needs to be increased or decreased, so in those cases a step up/ step down transformer is a must required.

2. Secondly it may be called as a protection device to the electrical network. At times due to heavy electrical faults it trips by keeping the main supply system healthy.

3. Step up voltage was used to Transmit the power to very long distance w/o higher transmission loss.

4. Because of Static device it operating efficiency is 98% compare to any electrical device.

5. Easy control & voltage adjustment.

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9y ago

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