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US, 1952 Ivy Mike cryogenic liquid deuterium/tritium test device. The device itself, nicknamed "Sausage", measured 80 inches (2.03 m) in diameter and 244 inches (6.19 m) in height and weighed about 54 tons, its outer steel wall was 10 to 12 inches thick. It contained a triple thermos bottle holding the liquid fuel and a liquid hydrogen circulation system to keep the fuel cold. The device and all its tons of support equipment were on the island of Eugelab in Eniwetok atoll. When Mike was detonated, with a 10.4 megaton yield, the island and all the equipment turned into a crater and a cloud of radioactive fallout. The device was designed by Richard Garwin, at Los Alamos.

The first one small enough to actually fit in an airplane bomb bay was tested in 1954 Castle Romeo, a device named Runt, a emergency version of which entered stockpile later that year as the EC-17 bomb, the next year a ribbon parachute was added to allow the bomber time to escape the blast upgrading it to the MK-17 bomb. The MK-17 was 6 feet diameter and so long only the B-36 bomb bay was big enough to hold it. The MK-17 went through 2 upgrade mods (MK-17 mod-1 and MK-17 mod-2). Changes to the fission primary of the MK-17 produced the MK-24 with the same dimensions. The MK-24 also went through 2 upgrade mods (MK-24 mod-1 and MK-24 mod-2). Both the MK-17 and MK-24 were retired from stockpile sometime between 1958 and 1961, as smaller lighter weight bombs were developed that other bombers and even fighters could deliver.

Chuck Hansen: Swords of Armageddon

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