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The danger of methane gas (firedamp) being ignited by an open flame in coal mines was much reduced by the development of the flame safety lamp stemming from the work of Dr. William Clanny, George Stephenson and Sir Humphrey Davy. It is Davy who is credited with the true invention of the flame safety lamp in 1816. His idea was to isolate the flame from the flammable gas by means of a wire gauze surrounding the flame. Davy demonstrated that burning gases, on passing through the wire mesh is broken up into tiny streamlets which are so cooled by contact with the metal of the mesh that the flame is extinguished. It was found that the greatest safety could be obtained by a standard mesh formed by 28 steel wires per inch making 784 openings per square inch.

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