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The simplest way to start a three-phase induction motor is to connect its terminals to the line. In an induction motor, the magnitude of the induced EMF in the rotor circuit is proportional to the stator field and the slip speed (the difference between synchronous and rotor speeds) of the motor, and the rotor current depends on this EMF. When the motor is started, the slip speed is equal to the synchronous speed, as the rotor speed is zero (slip equal to 1), so the induced EMF in the rotor is large. As a result, a very high current flows through the rotor. This is similar to a transformer with the secondary coil short circuited, which causes the primary coil to draw a high current from the mains. When an induction motor starts DOL, a very high current is drawn by the stator, on the order of 5 to 9 times the full load current. This high current can, in some motors, damage the windings; in addition, because it causes heavy line voltage drop, other appliances connected to the same line may be affected by the voltage fluctuation. To avoid such effects, several other strategies are employed for starting motors.

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