Sentences have such things as verbs and subjects. Words, however, can be of many different types. There are adjectives and adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, and others. Sentences, if that is what you really wanted to ask, always have both a verb and a subject, but those may not be stated explicitly; they can be implied.
Were is the verb in that sentence.
Ran is the verb in that sentence>
Startled is the verb in your sentence.
If the verb is the whole sentence, then it is not a sentence, but a sentence fragment. A sentence requires at least a subject and a verb. Examples of Sentence Fragments: Run. Hide. Watch.
The verb in that sentence is describes.
The verb in the sentence "How are they different" is "are."
Is is the verb in your sentence.
The verb in that sentence is "are".
Were is the verb in that sentence.
Depending on the context, sentence is already a verb For example, "to sentence someone" is an action and therefore a verb.
'Needs' would be the verb in this sentence.
Yes, it is possible to have a sentence with a verb and without a helping verb. For example, "He runs every day" is a sentence that contains the verb "runs" without a helping verb.
Ran is the verb in that sentence>
the verb in the sentence is has
There is no verb in that fragment - it is not a sentence.
The verb in the sentence is in present tense.
Startled is the verb in your sentence.