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A complement is a word or phrase that is necessary in order to complete the meaning.

Three functions of a noun (or noun phrase) as a complement are a subject complement, an object complement, or the object of a preposition.

A subject complement (also called a predicate nominative) is the noun or a pronoun following a linking verb that restates the subject. The subject of a linking verb is or becomes the object.

Example: Jim was elected class president. (Jim = class president)

An object complement is a noun or a pronoun that follows and restates the direct object.

Examples:

We met the new neighbors, the Smiths. (neighbors = Smiths)

We met the Smiths, the new neighbors. (Smiths = new neighbors)

The object of a preposition is a complement when it is needed to identify a noun or a pronoun in the sentence.

Examples:

The boy in blue has the tickets. (Which boy? The one in blue.)

That boy in blue has the tickets. (Not a complement. The boy is indicated by gesture of the speaker, the prepositional phrase 'in blue' is not essential to identify the boy.)

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