What does Madison mean by auxiliary precautions?

Answer 1

From the end of the fourth paragraph:

"If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary. In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself. A dependence on the people is, no doubt, the primary control on the government; but experience has taught mankind the necessity of auxiliary precautions."

Auxiliary precautions are the subject of the article, viz. the internal checks and balances. Elections are the primary check, but the structure of government, Madison believes should also be aimed towards protections from tyranny.

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