The Panchatantra is an ancient Indian collection of interrelated animal fables, written in Sanskrit, that dates back to around the 3rd century BCE. It was designed to impart moral lessons and practical wisdom, often highlighting themes of politics, friendship, and strategy. The stories typically feature animals with human-like traits and convey ethical teachings through their adventures and interactions. The Panchatantra has been widely translated and adapted across cultures, influencing literature and storytelling worldwide.