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The verb phrase in past perfect is formed with - had + past participle.

The past perfect verb phrase for study is had studied. A sentence like -- I had studied cooking -- tells you that sometime in the past I studied cooking but this sentence does not have much meaning by itself.

Past perfect is often used with past simple to show that one thing happened in the past before another thing in the past. eg

I had studied cooking -- past perfect

We opened the cafe -- past simple

I had studied cooking before we opened the cafe

Past perfect can also be used in the 'if clause' of a conditional statement eg

If you had studied your notes you wouldn't be in a panic now

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7y ago

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