Which of these best describes logical reasoning?

Answer 1

The use of a specific method to come to a conclusion based on facts or assumptions (Apex)

Answer 2

It is just what it sounds like - reasoning that has no logic whatsoever.

eg. 'I have a windmill in my beard and therefor your argument is invalid' as having a windmill in your beard does not necessarily mean everyone else's arguments are invalid.

Answer 3

* Wikipedia - In logic, three kinds of logical reasoning can be distinguished: deduction, induction and abduction. Given a precondition, a conclusion, and a rule that the precondition implies the conclusion, they can be explained in the following way: * Deduction means determining the conclusion. It is using the rule and its precondition to make a conclusion. Example: "When it rains, the grass gets wet. It rains. Thus, the grass is wet." Mathematicians are commonly associated with this style of reasoning. * Induction means determining the rule. It is learning the rule after numerous examples of the conclusion following the precondition. Example: "The grass has been wet every time it has rained. Thus, when it rains, the grass gets wet." Scientists are commonly associated with this style of reasoning. * Abduction means determining the precondition. It is using the conclusion and the rule to support that the precondition could explain the conclusion. Example: "When it rains, the grass gets wet. The grass is wet, it must have rained." Diagnosticians and detectives are commonly associated with this style of reasoning.

Answer 4

it is a tool used in cryptanlaysis to break the cipher.

Answer 5

According to dictionary.com, it means "thinking that is coherent and logical".