Probably but may require lots of modification to the firewall. But it is not worth ruining an M3 to put a heavy, large capacity engine in a finely balanced car like an M3.
BMW M3 is design with their engine specs, any changes to this car like different engine size, torque or weight, will alter the suspesion dynamics and handling not to metion weight distribution ratio.
The 2008 BMW M3 has a V8 engine.
The 2012 BMW M3 has a V8 engine.
The 2011 BMW M3 has a V8 engine.
The 2010 BMW M3 has a V8 engine.
The 2009 BMW M3 has a V8 engine.
The 2013 BMW M3 has a V8 engine.
The 2006 BMW M3 has an inline 6 engine.
The 2002 BMW M3 has an inline 6 engine.
The 2004 BMW M3 has an inline 6 engine.
The 2005 BMW M3 has an inline 6 engine.
The 2001 BMW M3 has an inline 6 engine.