Yes
Most tornado injuries are caused by debris carried or thrown by the tornado.
When it has thrown you dont stick your arms out to brace you fall.
Yes. People have survived such encounters. However, most do not.
It depends on how strong the tornado is. A tornado of at least EF3 intensity could probably do it. The EF5 tornado that hit Joplin, Missouri in 2011 is reported to have thrown semi trucks a full quarter of a mile.
It's not the tornado by itself that kills people, it's the collapsing buildings and the flying debris thrown around by the wind that's really dangerous. Though, in less common instances some people are picked up and thrown by the winds.
Yes! Most definitely!
They are thrown into the air and die from hitting other objects or the ground at high speeds.
A baseball can
If you mean the debris being carried by a tornado, if it hasn't already been thrown out of the tornado it simply gets dropped to the ground once the tornado is no longer strong enough to carry it.
Most tornadoes are not strong enough to throw houses. Those few that are strong enough can sometimes thrown them great distances. In one case a houses was thrown 1/4 mile. However, when a house is picked up there is a good chance it will disintegrate in the air, in which case it won't be thrown so much as it will be scattered.
A person looked and saw it and went "Oh Crap!" or a person got caught up in it and survived and called it a tornado.
The greatest threat tornadoes pose comes from debris carried and thrown by the winds.