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Behavioral perspective emphasizes the learning of observable responses through conditioning and reinforcement. It focuses on how behaviors are acquired and modified through experiences in the environment.
Behaviorist
The strength of the behavioral perspective lies in its focus on observable behaviors and how they are influenced by the environment. It emphasizes the importance of learning and how behaviors can be shaped through reinforcement and punishment. This perspective provides clear strategies for behavior modification and treatment of various psychological disorders.
Observable Behavior A behavior which can be noted through one of the senses (seen, heard, tasted, smelled, or felt). Observable behaviors are usually described by action words such as touching, walking, saying, or writing. These do not include feelings or intentions which are inferred from other behaviors
Behaviorism posits that behaviors are learned through conditioning, where individuals respond to stimuli in their environment. It focuses on observable behaviors and the environmental factors that shape them, rather than internal mental processes. Behaviorists believe that all behaviors can be explained by conditioning processes, such as classical conditioning and operant conditioning.
Functionalism and behaviorism are both psychological theories that focus on understanding human behavior. While behaviorism emphasizes the observable behaviors and the environmental stimuli that influence them, functionalism focuses on how behaviors help individuals adapt to their environment and achieve their goals. Both perspectives view behavior as a product of interactions with the environment.
Behaviorism is the theory that focuses on observable behaviors as the basis for studying and understanding human behavior. It suggests that behaviors can be learned through conditioning and reinforced through rewards and punishments.
The behaviorist approach to psychology ignores mental states and thoughts and instead focuses on observable actions and behaviors. This approach emphasizes the relationship between stimuli and responses, suggesting that behaviors are learned through interactions with the environment. Famous behaviorists include B.F. Skinner and John B. Watson.
Covert behaviors are internal actions or processes that are not directly observable by others, such as thoughts, feelings, and intentions. Unlike overt behaviors, which can be seen and measured, covert behaviors involve mental activities like reasoning, daydreaming, or emotional responses. These behaviors are important in psychology as they help to explain underlying motivations and cognitive processes that influence observable actions.
Any natural occurrence that is observable or creates an effect which is observable
The observable expression of genes in an organism is called the phenotype. It encompasses the physical traits, behaviors, and biochemical properties that result from the interaction of an organism's genotype (its genetic makeup) with the environment. Examples of phenotypic traits include height, eye color, and the presence of certain diseases.
Observable changes in organisms over time, such as changes in physical traits or behaviors, provide evidence for evolution by natural selection. These changes illustrate how species can adapt to their environment through genetic variation and selection pressures, leading to the evolution of new species over long periods of time. By studying observable changes, scientists can better understand the mechanisms driving evolution.