If the person completely isolates himself from society, he typically is called a hermit. He can also be referred to as a recluse.
Hermit!
a person who by desire lives alone
Troglodyte
The name that is given to a person who lives alone is a hermit. The person may also be called a recluse.
A person who lives nearby is called a neighbor.
A person who desires to live alone is often referred to as a "solitary" or a "recluse."
A person who desires to live alone can be called a recluse or a solitary individual.
Lone wolf
recluse
A person who is withdrawn from society and lives alone is often referred to as a hermit or a recluse.
A hermit, or just lonely.
hermit